India’s Milestone in Solar Energy
According to the “Global Electricity Review 2024” by Ember, India surpassed Japan in 2023 to become the world’s third-largest solar power generator, producing 113 Terawatt-hours (TWh), compared to Japan’s 110 TWh. This advancement marked a significant leap from India’s 9th position in 2015, showcasing a dramatic 17-fold increase in solar generation from 0.5% in 2015 to 5.8% in 2023.
Global Solar Energy Landscape
China remains the leader in global solar production, generating 584 TWh in 2023, which exceeds the combined output of the United States, Japan, Germany, and India. Solar energy contributed to 5.5% of global electricity in 2023, with wind power slightly higher at 7.8%. Solar power has been the fastest-growing electricity source globally for 19 consecutive years, with a growth rate of 23% in 2023, compared to wind’s 9.8%.
India’s Renewable Energy Prospects
Despite India’s progress in solar power, it still faces challenges with its overall energy mix. In 2023, 78% of India’s electricity was generated from fossil fuels, which is above the global average of 61% and the regional average of 68% in Asia. India also ranked as the third-largest emitter in the power sector globally. However, India has ambitious plans to triple its renewable capacity by 2030, aiming for 509 GW, showcasing a strong commitment to increasing renewable energy usage.
Installed Capacity vs. Actual Production
India’s installed solar capacity stood at 18% of its total electricity capacity (442 GW) as of May 2024, yet it accounted for only 6.66% of actual electricity production, indicating discrepancies that reflect fluctuations in demand and local operational circumstances.
Global Contributions to Renewable Energy
Renewable energy accounted for 30% of the global electricity production in 2023, driven primarily by advancements in China, which contributed 51% of the additional global solar generation and 60% of the new global wind generation. This global shift towards renewable sources highlights the critical role of emerging economies like India in shaping future energy trends.
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